Optical double bus ring resonator
Keywords
optical, bidirectional
Ports
| Name | Type |
|---|---|
| port 1 | Optical Signal |
| port 2 | Optical Signal |
| port 3 | Optical Signal |
| port 4 | Optical Signal |
Properties
General Properties
| Name | Default value | Default unit | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
|
name Defines the name of the element. |
Double Bus Ring Resonator | - | - |
|
annotate Defines whether or not to display annotations on the schematic editor. |
true | - | [true, false] |
|
enabled Defines whether or not the element is enabled. |
true | - | [true, false] |
|
type Defines the element unique type (read only). |
Double Bus Ring Resonator | - | - |
|
description A brief description of the elements functionality. |
Optical double bus ring resonator | - | - |
|
prefix Defines the element name prefix. |
RING | - | - |
|
model Defines the element model name. |
- | - | - |
|
library Defines the element location or source in the library (custom or design kit). |
- | - | - |
|
local path Defines the local path or working folder $LOCAL for the element. |
- | - | - |
|
url An optional URL address pointing to the element online help. |
- | - | - |
Standard Properties
| Name | Default value | Default unit | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
|
configuration Defines the bidirectional or unidirectional element configuration. |
bidirectional | - | [bidirectional, unidirectional |
|
frequency Central frequency of the waveguide. A Taylor expansion around this frequency is performed to estimate the propagation transfer function of the waveguide. |
193.1 |
THz* *std. unit is Hz |
(0, +∞) |
|
length The length of the waveguide. |
10e-006 | m | [0, +∞) |
Waveguide/Mode 1 Properties
| Name | Default value | Default unit | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
|
orthogonal identifier 1 The first identifier used to track an orthogonal mode of an optical waveguide. For most waveguide, two orthogonal identifiers '1' and '2' are available (with the default labels 'TE' and 'TM' respectively). |
1 | - | [1, +∞) |
|
label 1 The label corresponding to the first orthogonal identifier. |
TE | - | - |
|
loss 1 The loss corresponding to the first orthogonal identifier. |
0 | dB/m | [0, +∞) |
|
effective index 1 The effective index corresponding to the first orthogonal identifier. |
1 | - | (-∞, +∞) |
|
group index 1 The group index coefficient corresponding to the first orthogonal identifier. |
1 | - | [0, +∞) |
|
dispersion 1 The dispersion coefficient corresponding to the first orthogonal identifier. |
0 | s/m/m | (-∞, +∞) |
|
dispersion slope 1 Defines the dispersion slope corresponding to the first orthogonal identifier. |
0 | s/m^2/m | (-∞, +∞) |
Waveguide/Mode 2 Properties
| Name | Default value | Default unit | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
|
orthogonal identifier 2 The second identifier used to track an orthogonal mode of an optical waveguide. For most waveguide, two orthogonal identifiers '1' and '2' are available (with the default labels 'TE' and 'TM' respectively). |
2 | - | [1, +∞) |
|
label 2 The label corresponding to the second orthogonal identifier. |
TM | - | - |
|
loss 2 The loss corresponding to the second orthogonal identifier. |
0 | dB/m | [0, +∞) |
|
effective index 2 The effective index corresponding to the second orthogonal identifier. |
1 | - | (-∞, +∞) |
|
group index 2 The group index coefficient corresponding to the second orthogonal identifier. |
1 | - | [0, +∞) |
|
dispersion 2 The dispersion coefficient corresponding to the second orthogonal identifier. |
0 | s/m/m | (-∞, +∞) |
|
dispersion slope 2 Defines the dispersion slope corresponding to the second orthogonal identifier. |
0 | s/m^2/m | (-∞, +∞) |
Waveguide/Mode 1/Coupler Properties
| Name | Default value | Default unit | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
|
coupling coefficient 1 1 The power coupling coefficient corresponding to the fist coupler and the first orthogonal identifier. |
0.5 | - | [0, 1] |
|
coupling coefficient 1 2 The power coupling coefficient corresponding to the second coupler and the first orthogonal identifier. |
0.5 | - | [0, 1] |
Waveguide/Mode 2/Coupler Properties
| Name | Default value | Default unit | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
|
coupling coefficient 2 1 The power coupling coefficient corresponding to the fist coupler and the second orthogonal identifier. |
0.5 | - | [0, 1] |
|
coupling coefficient 2 2 The power coupling coefficient corresponding to the second coupler and the second orthogonal identifier. |
0.5 | - | [0, 1] |
Waveguide/Mode 1/Thermal Properties
| Name | Default value | Default unit | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
|
effective index temperature sensitivity 1 Defines the ratio between effective index variation and temperature. |
0 | /K | (-∞, +∞) |
|
excess loss temperature sensitivity 1 Defines the ratio between loss variation and temperature. |
0 | /K | [0, +∞) |
Waveguide/Mode 2/Thermal Properties
| Name | Default value | Default unit | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
|
effective index temperature sensitivity 2 Defines the ratio between effective index variation and temperature. |
0 | /K | (-∞, +∞) |
|
excess loss temperature sensitivity 2 Defines the ratio between loss variation and temperature. |
0 | /K | [0, +∞) |
Thermal Properties
| Name | Default value | Default unit | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
|
thermal effects Defines whether or not to enable thermal effects. |
false | - | [true, false] |
|
temperature Defines the temperature. |
%temperature% | K | (-∞, +∞) |
|
nominal temperature Defines the nominal temperature where temperature sensitivity values are measured. |
300 | K | (-∞, +∞) |
|
thermal fill factor The waveguide length ratio affected by the thermal effects. |
1 | - | [0, 1] |
Numerical/Digital Filter Properties
| Name | Default value | Default unit | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
|
single tap filter Defines whether or not to use a single tap digital filter to represent the element transfer function in time domain. |
false | - | [true, false] |
|
number of taps estimation Defines the method used to estimate the number of taps of the digital filter. |
fit tolerance | - | [disabled, fit tolerance, group delay |
|
filter fit tolerance Defines the mean square error for the fitting function. |
0.001 | - | (0, 1) |
|
window function Defines the window type for the digital filter. |
rectangular | - | [rectangular, hamming, hanning |
|
number of fir taps Defines the number of coefficients for digital filter. |
256 | - | [1, +∞) |
|
maximum number of fir taps Defines the number of coefficients for digital filter. |
4096 | - | [1, +∞) |
|
filter delay Defines the time delay equivalent to a number of coefficients for digital filter. |
0 | s | [0, +∞) |
|
initialize filter taps Defines whether to use the initial input signal to initialize filter state values or to set them to zero values. |
false | - | [true, false] |
Diagnostic Properties
| Name | Default value | Default unit | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
|
run diagnostic Enables the frequency response of the designed filter implementation and the ideal frequency response to be generated as results. |
false | - | [true, false] |
|
diagnostic size The number of frequency points used when calculating the filter frequency response. |
1024 | - | [2, +∞) |
Results
| Name | Description |
|---|---|
| diagnostic/response #/transmission | The complex transmission vs. frequency corresponding to the ideal and designed filter. |
| diagnostic/response #/gain | The gain vs. frequency corresponding to the ideal and designed filter. |
| diagnostic/response #/error | Mean square error comparing the frequency response of the designed filter implementation with the ideal frequency response. |
====================================
Implementation Details
The Double Bus Ring Resonator (RING) element implements an analytical model of a ring resonator, similar to the single bus ring resonator element. The model is parameterized by the waveguide mode properties (see the Straight Waveguide element documentation), the power "coupling coefficients" between the bus waveguides, and the "waveguide length" (ring circumference). An example gain spectrum for the drop (port 2) and pass (port 3) outputs of this element is shown below:
The coupling coefficient properties are indexed by two numbers: the first corresponds to the orthogonal identifier of the mode and the second refers to the bus waveguide that forms part of the coupler. The “first” bus waveguide connects port 1 and port 3, and the “second” waveguide connects port 2 and port 4. For example, the property “coupling coefficient 1 2” refers to the coupling coefficient of the first orthogonal mode for the coupler between the first bus waveguide and the ring.
Similar Elements
• Single Pass Ring Resonator: A ring resonator element with only one bus waveguide is also available.
• Ring Modulator: A double bus ring resonator element with an effective index modulated by an electrical signal.
• A ring resonator can also be constructed using primitive elements, such as waveguide couplers and straight waveguides (see the Ring resonator using INTERCONNECT primitive elements example). This approach is more flexible, however it introduces complications related to the group delay inside the ring (see this page for more information). It is therefore preferable to use the double bus ring resonator element if possible.
Examples
The Double Bus Ring Resonator element is used in these examples: