Laser TW (TWLM) - INTERCONNECT Element

name

Defines the name of the element.

annotate

Defines whether or not to display annotations on the schematic editor.

enabled

Defines whether or not the element is enabled.

type

Defines the element unique type (read only).

description

A brief description of the elements functionality.

prefix

Defines the element name prefix.

model

Defines the element model name.

library

Defines the element location or source in the library (custom or design kit).

local path

Defines the local path or working folder $LOCAL for the element.

url

An optional URL address pointing to the element online help.

frequency

Central frequency of operation.

THz*

*std. unit is Hz

length

Defines the laser active region and cavity length L.

active region width

Defines the active region width w.

active region thickness

Defines the active region depth d.

current injection efficiency

The ratio of total current that gets injected into the quantum wells

ambient temperature

The ambient temperature. The total laser temperature is the sum of ambient temperature and self-heating temperature increase

current distribution table

Defines the current distribution table as distribution weight vs. location.

load current distribution from file

Defines whether or not to load the current distribution from file.

current distribution filename

Defines the filename to load the current distribution table.

orthogonal identifier 1

The first identifier used to track an orthogonal mode of an optical waveguide. For most waveguide, two orthogonal identifiers '1' and '2' are available (with the default labels 'TE' and 'TM' respectively).

label 1

The label corresponding to the first orthogonal identifier.

polarization 1

Defines the waveguide polarization.

loss 1

The loss corresponding to the first orthogonal identifier.

loss density coefficient 1

The loss density coefficient corresponding to the first orthogonal identifier. When multiplied with carrier density, this can give the free carrier absorption contribution to the total loss.

effective index 1

The effective index corresponding to the first orthogonal identifier.

group index 1

The group index coefficient corresponding to the first orthogonal identifier.

dispersion 1

The dispersion coefficient corresponding to the first orthogonal identifier.

mode confinement factor 1

Defines the mode confinement factor.

spontaneous emission factor 1

Defines the spontaneous emission coupling factor.

facet reflectivity left 1

Defines the facet reflectivity left.

facet phase left 1

Defines the facet phase left.

facet reflectivity right 1

Defines the facet reflectivity right.

facet phase right 1

Defines the facet phase right.

grating coupling real coefficient 1

Defines the grating coupling real coefficient.

grating coupling imag coefficient 1

Defines the grating coupling imag coefficient.

apodization function

Defines the grating apodization type.

apodization parameter

The grating apodization parameter.

apodization table

Table containing normalized length versus apodization parameters.

load apodization from file

Defines whether or not to load apodization parameters from an input file or to use the currently stored values.

apodization filename

The file containing the normalized length versus apodization parameter values. Refer to the Implementation Details section for the format expected.

chirp function

Defines the grating chirp type.

user defined chirp function

Defines the user defined grating chirp type.

chirp parameter

The chirp parameter for a linear chirped grating.

chirp coefficient

The chirp coefficient (dλ/dz) for a linear chirped grating.

chirp table

Table containing normalized length versus user defined chirp. The user defined chirp type is described in the column header.

load chirp from file

Defines whether or not to load user defined chirp from an input file or to use the currently stored values.

chirp filename

The file containing the normalized length versus the user defined chirp. If the option to select the user defined chirp type exists, the user defined chirp values should correspond to the selected type. If the option to select the user defined chirp type does not exist, the user defined chirp values should correspond to the type described in the column header in the chirp table. Refer to the Implementation Details section for the format expected.

recombination input parameter

Defines whether the input parameter is a table with carried density dependent values or coefficients of a polynomial function.

gain shape

Defines the shape of the gain spectrum.

load gain from file

Defines whether or not to load measurements from an input file or to use the currently stored values.

gain filename

The filename containing the gain spectrum shape fitted data.

gain coefficient

Defines the gain coefficient a₀.

carrier density at transparency

Defines the carrier density at transparency n₀.

initial carrier density

Defines the initial carrier density.

diffusion constant

Defines the diffusion constant.

gain compression factor

Defines the gain compression factor, ε. The meaning of this value depends on the chosen gain compression factor type. For more information check the description of the gain compression factor type option.

gain compression factor type

Defines the type of gain compression factor: material or modal. If the type is material it is a material property of the active layer. The material gain compression factor is usually given in the literature. If the type is modal it must include the mode confinement factor. This can be obtained by multiplying the material gain compression factor with the mode confinement factor.

gain shape center frequency

Defines the gain shape center frequency.

THz*

*std. unit is Hz

gain shape quality factor

Defines the gain shape quality factor.

gain shape reference carrier density

Defines the gain shape reference carrier density.

differential gain center frequency

Defines the differential gain center frequency.

differential gain quality factor

Defines the differential gain quality factor.

spontaneous emission from gain

Defines whether or not to use the gain shape as the spontaneous emission shape.

load spontaneous emission from file

Defines whether or not to load measurements from an input file or to use the currently stored values.

spontaneous emission filename

The filename containing the spontaneous emission fitted data.

spontaneous emission center frequency

Defines the spontaneous emission center frequency.

THz*

*std. unit is Hz

spontaneous emission quality factor

Defines the spontaneous emission quality factor.

spontaneous emission reference carrier density

Defines the spontaneous emission reference carrier density.

differential spontaneous emission center frequency

Defines the differential spontaneous emission center frequency.

differential spontaneous emission quality factor

Defines the differential spontaneous emission quality factor.

index perturbation

Defines the index perturbation type

linewidth enhancement factor

Defines the linewidth enhancement factor α.

index perturbation table

Defines the index perturbation table

load index perturbation from file

Defines whether or not to load index perturbation from file

index perturbation filename

Defines the filename to load index perturbation table

enable grating

Defines whether to add a grating to the device or not.

grating period

The grating period.

grating phase slip

The grating phase slip.

grating phase slips table

Defines the grating phase slips table

load phase slips from file

Defines whether or not to load phase slips from file

phase slips filename

Defines the filename to load phase slips table

output carrier density

Defines whether or not to add an additional output port to monitor the average carrier density.

minimum number of discretized segments

Declares user's intent about the minimum number of discretized longitudinal segments. If the calculated number of segments is less than that, a warning will be issued. The actual number of discretized segments is determined by rounding the number of segments in the total length where the segment length is given by the group velocity divided by the sample rate.

convert noise bins

Defines if noise bins are incorporated into the signal waveform.

automatic seed

Defines whether or not to automatically create an unique seed value for each instance of this element. The seed will be the same for each simulation run.

seed

The value of the seed for the random number generator. A value zero recreates an unique seed for each simulation run.

gain fitting number of coefficients

Defines the maximum number of coefficients for the fitting function.

gain fitting tolerance

Defines the mean square error for the fitting function.

gain fitting maximum number of iterations

This determines the maximum number of iterations required before fitting reaches the tolerance error.

gain fitting rolloff

Defines the frequency roll off for the fitting function.

spontaneous emission fitting number of coefficients

Defines the maximum number of coefficients for the fitting function.

spontaneous emission fitting tolerance

Defines the mean square error for the fitting function.

spontaneous emission fitting maximum number of iterations

This determines the maximum number of iterations required before fitting reaches the tolerance error.

spontaneous emission fitting rolloff

Defines the frequency roll off for the fitting function.

output signal mode

The output signal mode.

sample rate

The sample rate of the generated signal. This is typically set by the global properties in the root (top-most) element.

run diagnostic

Enables the gain and spontaneous emission spectrum response to be generated as results.

diagnostic size

The number of frequency points used when calculating the gain and spontaneous emission spectrum response.

longitudinal profiles downsample factor

record carrier density profile

Enables carrier density profile output as a function of time and position.

record mode amplitude profile

Enables longitudinal mode amplitude profile output as a function of time and position.

record photon density profile

Enables longitudinal photon density profile output as a function of time and position.

record gain spectrum profile

Enables gain spectrum profile output as a function of time, frequency, and position.

record spontaneous emission spectrum profile

Enables spontaneous emission spectrum profile output as a function of time, frequency, and position.

record stimulated emission power density profile

Enables stimulated emission power density [W/m^3] profile output as a function of time and position.

record lumped gain spectra

Enables lumped gain spectrum output as a function of time and frequency.

record recombination rates profile

Enables recombination rates [1/s] profile output as a function of time and position.

record diffusive carrier flux profile

Enables diffusion current density profile output as a function of time and position.

record thermionic leakage current

Enables thermionic leakage current output as a function of time.

record temperature profile

Enables temperature profile output as a function of position and iteration number.

record joule heat power profile

Enables Joule heat power profile [W] output as a function of position and iteration number.

record nonradiative recombination heat power profile

Enables nonradiative recombination heat power [W] profile output as a function of position and iteration number.

record capture and escape heat power profile

Enables capture and escape heat power [W] profile output as a function of position and iteration number.

record absorption heat power profile

Enables free carrier absorption heat power [W] profile output as a function of position and iteration number.

spontaneous emission shape reference temperature

Defines the spontaneous emission reference temperature.

spontaneous emission center frequency linear parameter

Defines the linear parameter of the temperature dependence of the spontaneous emission center frequency a*T.

spontaneous emission center frequency quadratic parameter

Defines the quadratic parameter of the temperature dependence of the spontaneous emission center frequency b*T^2.

spontaneous emission quality factor linear parameter

Defines the linear parameter of the temperature dependence of the spontaneous emission quality factor a*T.

spontaneous emission quality factor quadratic parameter

Defines the quadratic parameter of the temperature dependence of the spontaneous emission quality factor b*T^2.

radiative recombination eta

Defines the radiative recombination temperature coefficient eta 1/lifetime=(A_rad+B_rad*N+C_rad*N^2)*(T/300)^eta.

nonradiative linear recombination eta

Defines the nonradiative linear recombination temperature coefficient eta A_nr*(T/300)^eta.

nonradiative quadratic recombination eta

Defines the nonradiative quadratic recombination temperature coefficient eta B_nr*(T/300)^eta.

nonradiative cubic recombination activation energy

Defines the nonradiative cubic recombination temperature activation energy E_a C_nr*exp(-E_a*(1/kT₀-1/kT)).

enable SCH

To enable separate confinement heterostructure

well carrier capture rate

The well carrier capture rate including transport time over the barriers

well carrier escape rate

The well carrier escape rate

total well thickness

The total well thickness

total barrier thickness

The total barrier thickness

left facet surface recombination velocity

Defines the left facet surface recombination velocity.

right facet surface recombination velocity

Defines the right facet surface recombination velocity.

radiative linear recombination coefficient

Defines the radiative linear recombination coefficient A_rad.

radiative quadratic recombination coefficient

Defines the radiative quadratic recombination coefficient B_rad.

radiative cubic recombination coefficient

Defines the radiative cubic recombination coefficient C_rad.

nonradiative linear recombination coefficient

Defines the nonradiative linear recombination coefficient A_nr.

nonradiative quadratic recombination coefficient

Defines the nonradiative quadratic recombination coefficient B_nr.

nonradiative cubic recombination coefficient

Defines the nonradiative cubic recombination coefficient C_nr.

temperature index perturbation

Defines the temperature index perturbation type

temperature index perturbation linear coefficient

Defines the temperature index perturbation linear coefficient dn/dT. The reference temperature is 300 K.

temperature index perturbation table

Defines the temperature index perturbation table

load temperature index perturbation from file

Defines whether or not to load temperature index perturbation from file

temperature index perturbation filename

Defines the filename to load temperature index perturbation table

thermionic leakage model

Defines the type of thermionic leakage model.

quantum barrier height

Defines the quantum energy barrier height.

SCH barrier height

Defines the separate confinement heterostructure energy barrier height.

quantum well effective mass

Defines the quantum well effective mass.

quantum barrier effective mass

Defines the quantum barrier effective mass.

load recombination from file

Defines whether or not to load recombination data from an input file or to use the currently stored values.

recombination filename

The file containing the recombination data. Refer to the Implementation Details section for the format expected.

recombination table

A matrix editor for users to read the element recombination data values.

gain shape reference temperature

Defines the gain shape reference temperature.

gain coefficient linear parameter

Defines the linear parameter of the temperature dependence of the gain coefficient a*T.

gain coefficient quadratic parameter

Defines the linear parameter of the temperature dependence of the gain coefficient a*T.

transparency density linear parameter

Defines the linear parameter of the temperature dependence of the carrier density at transparency a*T.

transparency density quadratic parameter

Defines the quadratic parameter of the temperature dependence of the carrier density at transparency b*T^2.

center frequency linear parameter

Defines the linear parameter of the temperature dependence of the gain shape center frequency a*T.

center frequency quadratic parameter

Defines the quadratic parameter of the temperature dependence of the gain shape center frequency b*T^2.

quality factor linear parameter

Defines the linear parameter of the temperature dependence of the gain shape quality factor a*T.

quality factor quadratic parameter

Defines the quadratic parameter of the temperature dependence of the gain shape quality factor b*T^2.

enable self-heating

Enables self-heating model.

active layer thermal resistivity

Defines the active layer thermal resistivity

active-layer-to-ambient thermal resistance

Defines the active-layer-to-ambient thermal resistance.

effective electrical resistance

Defines the effective electrical resistance folded onto the active layer. If the actual resistive layer is not close to the active layer scale it appropriately to have the same effect on the active layer temperature.

active layer band gap

Defines the active layer band gap.

multisection definition

This struct allows the definition of input properties for multisection lasers, where each section may have a different property value. Each field in the struct must correspond to one of the supported TWLM properties by name and type. The data size of each struct field represents the number of laser sections and it must be equal for all fields in the struct.