Optical add and drop multiplexer
Keywords
optical, bidirectional
Ports
| Name | Type |
|---|---|
| port 1 | Optical Signal |
| port 2 | Optical Signal |
| port 3 | Optical Signal |
Properties
General Properties
| Name | Default value | Default unit | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
|
name Defines the name of the element. |
Optical Add and Drop Multiplexer | - | - |
|
annotate Defines whether or not to display annotations on the schematic editor. |
true | - | [true, false] |
|
enabled Defines whether or not the element is enabled. |
true | - | [true, false] |
|
type Defines the element unique type (read only). |
Optical Add and Drop Multiplexer | - | - |
|
description A brief description of the elements functionality. |
Optical add and drop multiplexer | - | - |
|
prefix Defines the element name prefix. |
ADM | - | - |
|
model Defines the element model name. |
- | - | - |
|
library Defines the element location or source in the library (custom or design kit). |
- | - | - |
|
local path Defines the local path or working folder $LOCAL for the element. |
- | - | - |
|
url An optional URL address pointing to the element online help. |
- | - | - |
Standard Properties
| Name | Default value | Default unit | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
|
configuration Defines the bidirectional or unidirectional element configuration. |
bidirectional | - | [bidirectional, drop, add |
|
frequency Central frequency of operation. |
193.1 |
THz* *std. unit is Hz |
(0, +∞) |
|
bandwidth The 3-dB bandwidth of the filter (full with at half maximum, FWHM). |
10 |
GHz* *std. unit is Hz |
[0, +∞) |
|
order Defines the filter order. |
4 | - | [1, 10] |
|
band pass insertion loss Defines the insertion loss (attenuation). |
0 | dB | [0, +∞) |
|
band stop insertion loss Defines the insertion loss (attenuation). |
0 | dB | [0, +∞) |
Waveguide Properties
| Name | Default value | Default unit | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
|
modes List of optical mode labels supported by the element. |
TE,TM | - | - |
Numerical/Digital Filter Properties
| Name | Default value | Default unit | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
|
initialize filter taps Defines whether to use the initial input signal to initialize filter state values or to set them to zero values. |
false | - | [true, false] |
Diagnostic Properties
| Name | Default value | Default unit | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
|
run diagnostic Enables the frequency response of the designed filter implementation and the ideal frequency response to be generated as results. |
false | - | [true, false] |
|
diagnostic size The number of frequency points used when calculating the filter frequency response. |
1024 | - | [2, +∞) |
Results
| Name | Description |
|---|---|
| diagnostic/response #/transmission | The complex transmission vs. frequency corresponding to the ideal and designed filter. |
| diagnostic/response #/gain | The gain vs. frequency corresponding to the ideal and designed filter. |
| diagnostic/response #/error | Mean square error comparing the frequency response of the designed filter implementation with the ideal frequency response. |
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Implementation Details
The Optical Add and Drop Multiplexer (ADM) element can be used to add/drop a channel to/from an optical signal. The “configuration” property determines if the ADM element acts as a multiplexer (“add”), demultiplexer (“drop”), or both (“bidirectional”).
These configurations are described below:
- Add: The ADM element’s channel is added through “input 1” to the signal in “input 2”. A band pass filter centered at the channel frequency is applied to the signal in “input 1” and a band stop filter is applied to the signal in “input 2” to isolate the channel.
- Drop: The ADM element’s channel is separated from the rest of the signal with a band pass filter centered at the channel frequency and output through “output 1”. The other channels are output through “output 2” after the ADM element’s channel is removed from the input signal with a band stop filter.
- Bidirectional: The ADM element acts as an add multiplexer for signals input into “port 2” and “port 3”, with the output signal sent to “port 1”. It acts as a drop demultiplexer for signals input into “port 1”, with the channel sent to “port 2” and the rest of the signal sent to “port 3”.
The characteristics of the filters are determined with the following ADM element properties:
- “frequency”: Center frequency of the channel.
- “bandwidth”: 3 dB bandwidth of filter.
- “order”: Order of the filter.
- “band pass insertion loss”: Loss at maximum transmission of the band pass filter.
- “band stop insertion loss”: Loss at maximum transmission of the band stop filter.
Here is an example gain spectrum for the output of an ADM element in the drop configuration with the following properties:
- “frequency”: 193.1 THz
- “bandwidth”: 10 GHz
- “order”: 4
- “band pass insertion loss”: 3 dB
- “band stop insertion loss”: 3 dB
In the INTERCONNECT Element library, the “Optical Add Multiplexer” element is the ADM element in the “add” configuration, the “Optical Drop Demultiplexer” element is the ADM element in the “drop” configuration, and the “Optical Add and Drop Multiplexer” element is the ADM element in the “bidirectional” configuration. The configuration of these elements can be changed after adding them to the simulation.
Similar Elements
- Optical Splitter/Coupler: The “Optical Splitter/Coupler” element can also be used to split or combine optical signals, however it does not have channels. In other words, it does not apply filters to the inputs so the gain spectrum for each input/output is constant.
- Optical MuxDemux: The “Optical MuxDemux” element can also be used to split or combine optical signals, but instead of adding or dropping individual channels it splits/combines a range of channels.