A fixed, single-bus or double-bus ring modulator model.
Note: For legacy data format (2022 R2.4 and older) please visit following link:
Ring Modulator - Lumfoundry Template (Legacy)
Template: rm_strip_te_c, rm_db_strip_te_c
Photonic Model: ring_modulator
Quality Assurance Test: ring_modulator QA
Parameters: None.
Interoperability with Cadence Virtuoso:
- Circuit design flows using INTERCONNECT model: Yes.
- Circuit design flow using photonic Verilog-A model: Yes.
Application Gallery Example: Ring Modulator
Modeling Data
The source data template for a ring modulator element can be divided into two sections.
- For new users (continue with the following section: Basic data requirement)
- Advanced users (continue with section: Complete Data Requirement)
The ring modulator template can be used to create an advanced compact model for a custom ring modulator. The template contains a lot of different modeling data to create an accurate model. However, not all these data need to be updated by the users. The fastest and simplest way to modify the template data and create a custom compact model is to only update the values of the data listed in the 'basic data requirement section' below, while all the remaining data (which is illustrated in detail in subsequent sections) can stay at their default value.
Note: Advanced users please jump start with Complete Data Requirement (for advanced users) section for a complete reference of the modeling data
Basic data requirement (for new users)
The basic and minimum data required to build the ring modulator model is described below.
general
"general" is a struct with the following fields:
Field | Type | Description |
---|---|---|
description | string | A string containing a brief description of the model, which will be displayed to the end user. |
notes | cell |
A cell array providing model notes which will be displayed to the end user. Each element of the cell is a struct with the fields:
|
ports
"ports" is a struct with the following fields:
Field | Type | Description |
---|---|---|
opt_1 |
struct with fields described in table below | Port definition corresponding to the in-through optical ports |
opt_2 |
||
opt_3 (optional) |
Port definition corresponding to the add-drop optical ports | |
opt_4 (optional) |
||
ele_an |
port definition corresponding to the anode and cathode for the electrical tuner | |
ele_cat |
||
th_neg |
Port definition corresponding to the positive and negative nodes of the thermal tuner |
|
th_pos |
To know more about each filed please read the session for advanced user (redirect link)
Each struct above consists of the following fields:
Field | Type | Description |
---|---|---|
name | string | The name of the port, which will be visible to the end user. This name should be consistent with the name that will be used for netlisting. |
pos | string |
The side of the model which the port will be displayed on, either "Left", "Right", "Top", or "Bottom" |
order | number |
The order at which the port is listed in a netlist. |
model_data
"model_data" is a struct with the following fields:
Field | Type | Description |
---|---|---|
electrical_tuner_data
|
struct with fields described in electrical_tuner_data table |
Data required for modeling the electrical tuner. |
th_eq_ckt_data
|
struct |
Thermal equivalent circuit described by either Current (Amp) versus bias voltage (V) characteristic of the heater for the default phase shifter length with required field of:
The IV data are linearly interpolated to obtain the electrical behavior. or resistance (\(\Omega)\) of the heater for the default length of the phase shifter with required field of:
Note:
|
electrical_tuner_data
Note: For a ring without electrical tuner, this struct should not be provided.
Field | Type | Description |
---|---|---|
bandwidth_data |
struct |
The 3-dB cutoff frequency (Hz) of the electrical modulator as a function of bias voltage (V). The required fields are:
|
FOMs
"FOMs" is a struct with fields below. This data is required for CML Compiler to run quality-assurance tests on the final model. It is also optionally used by CML Compiler to fine-tune the internal model to provide the expected behavior.
If the source physical data provided for the model is not consistent with the figures of merit (FOMs) provided (meaning the actual FOM values resulting from physical parameters differ from provided FOM data), the model can tune the provided physical data to match the FOMs to the provided values. For more information, see Tuning Active Compact Models.
Field | Type | Description |
---|---|---|
IL |
struct with fields described in FOM definition table |
The overall insertion loss (dB) of the ring modulator at through port at resonance. Note:
|
IL_drop |
struct with fields described in FOM definition table |
The overall insertion loss (dB) of the ring modulator at drop port at resonance. Note:
|
FSR |
struct with fields described in FOM definition table |
The free spectral range (m) of the ring modulator. Note: Tuning for this FOM will be enabled internally to enable statistical variations if FSR is a statistical parameter. |
mod_eff
|
struct with fields described in FOM definition table |
Overall electro-optic modulation efficiency (m/V) of the ring modulator within the voltage range described by "ref1" and "ref2" in the struct. "data" is an optional field for this struct and can be used for two purposes: 1. Can be included if the modulation efficiency data is voltage dependent (more than a single value needs to be provided). In that case, it should be a Vx2 matrix where V is the number of voltage data points. First column should be the voltage values and the second column should be the corresponding mod_eff values. Mod_eff values should be provided with the first voltage in the matrix as the reference voltage (Nth mod_eff value in the matrix should be the large-signal modulation efficiency measured between Nth voltage and 1st voltage point). 2. Can be included if the FOM data is in the form of a lookup table (more than a single value needs to be provided). See FOM as a lookup table section for more information about additional data requirements. Note:
|
mod_eff_thermal
|
struct with fields described in FOM definition table |
Overall thermo-optic modulation efficiency (m/W) of the ring modulator for input power range described by "ref1" and "ref2" in the struct which should be within the range of I*V values provided Note:
|
Q
|
struct with fields described in FOM definition table |
The quality factor (m/m) of the ring modulator near resonance. Note:
|
ER
|
struct with fields described in FOM definition table |
The extinction ratio (dB) of the ring modulator at resonance provided as a struct. Note:
|
resonant_wavelength
|
struct with fields described in FOM definition table |
The resonant wavelength (m) of the ring modulator at a temperature of 300K with no applied electrical or thermal phase shift. Note: Tuning for this FOM will be enabled internally to enable statistical variations if resonant_wavelength is a statistical parameter. |
Complete data requirement (for advanced users)
The advanced data section provides a complete reference of data supported by the ring modulator including the basic required data described in the previous section.
The descriptions of all the fields in the ring modulator source data template are described below.
general
"general" is a struct with the following fields:
[[snippet||11549514081811]]
time_domain_req_note
|
boolean |
A flag to whether or not add a note in the compact model quoting the minimum sampling rate required for accurate time domain simulation |
ports
"ports" is a struct with the following fields:
[[snippet||11643827831699]]
Each struct above consists of the following fields:
[[snippet||11549759363603]]
parameters
"parameters" is a struct with the following fields:
[[snippet||11644750903571]]
model_data
"model_data" is a struct with the following fields:
[[snippet||11646371522195]]
Structs listing mode properties for different waveguide sections consist of the following fields:
[[snippet||11653970537235]]
FOMs
"FOMs" is a struct with fields below. This data is required for CML Compiler to run quality-assurance tests on the final model. It is also optionally used by CML Compiler to fine-tune the internal model to provide the expected behavior.
If the source physical data provided for the model is not consistent with the figures of merit (FOMs) provided (meaning the actual FOM values resulting from physical parameters differ from provided FOM data), the model can tune the provided physical data to match the FOMs to the provided values. For more information, see Tuning Active Compact Models.
[[snippet||11651609869587]]
[[snippet||11653867902995]]
QA
"QA" is a struct with the following fields:
[[snippet||11653366721555]]