A statistically enabled unbalanced 2x2 thermo-optic switch model. For this model figure of merits such as FSR, IL and thermal Ppi are considered as statistical parameters. In a FOM based statistical model, there is no need to find the statistical data for physical root cause of the variation and FOM measurements can be directly used as statistical data.
For information on statistical CMLs, see Statistical CMLs .
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Thermal switch 2x2 (Statistical) - Lumfoundry Template
Template: thermal_switch_2x2_stat_te_c
Photonic Model: mach_zehnder_modulator_2x2
Quality Assurance Test: mach_zehnder_modulator QA
Statistically Enabled Parameters:
Balanced: Ppi_thermal
Unbalanced: Ppi_thermal, resonant_wavelength, FSR, ER, IL
Parameters: imbalance length, switch length
Virtuoso/Verilog-A Support: No
Required Data
Parameter Script File
[[snippet||7422100846483]]
perturb_top_arm_only | Boolean |
When creating a statistical MZM compact model, this flag gives the user the option to either apply the variations on the top arm only (True) or to both arms in an uncorrelated way (False). Setting this flag to "True" allows the user to apply statistical variation to the top arm only resulting in a "delta" in the behavior of the two arms. Setting to "False" on the other hand allows the user to have two sets of statistical parameters that apply the perturbations to both arms in an uncorrelated way. Note: Used for statistical models only. |
[[snippet||7194842858515]]
wg_length | String |
A struct defining the length of the thermal switch with the following fields:
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QA Variables
[[snippet||7422279023763]]
Statistical QA Variables (statistical compact models only)
[[snippet||6990676102547]]
Data File
Nominal Data
The table below lists the nominal data required to build this element.
[[snippet||7179741169427]]
ER_V1 |
Struct |
The extinction ratio (dB) of the switch (as explained in the Spectrum Data Visualization in photonic model page) at the power given by ER_P1_power provided as a struct. The struct has the following fields:
Fields "min" and "max" are optional and must be provided only when "visible_to_user" is set to 1 (true). Note: Used for unbalanced switches only. |
ER_P1_power |
Number
|
thermal phase shifter power (W) for which ER_V1 is provided. |
S13 |
Transmission (dB) from optical port 1 (1st input) to optical port 3 (1st output) at zero bias. Note: Used for balanced switches only. |
|
S14 |
Transmission (dB) from optical port 1 (1st input) to optical port 4 (2nd output) at zero bias. Note: Used for balanced switches only. |
Statistical Data (optional)
This data is required for CML Compiler to enable statistical modeling. Note that to allow CML Compiler to build statistically enabled models, the statistical_parameter_status has to be defined in the XML file . For more information, see Statistical CMLs .
Variable | Type | Description |
---|---|---|
stat_parameters |
Cell |
A cell of length N containing the statistical data for the thermal switch where N is the number of statistical parameters. Each entry in the cell is a struct with the following fields. |
stat_parameters{i}.name |
Number
|
Name of the i-th statistical parameter. |
stat_parameters{i}.mean |
Mean value of the i-th statistical parameter. |
|
stat_parameters{i}.corners |
Corner values for the i-th statistical parameter provides as an Cx1 matrix where C is the number of process corners defined in the XML file . Note: The values for the process corners should follow the same order as in the XML file . |
|
stat_parameters{i}.slope_Ppi_thermal |
The sensitivity of the thermal Ppi (W) of the thermal switch with respect to the i-th statistical parameter defined as d_Ppi_thermal / d_stat_parameters{i}. Note: Only provide this field if the statistical parameter affects the thermal Ppi (see thermal_switch_stat_te_c). |
|
stat_parameters{i}.slope_notch |
The sensitivity of the notch (resonant) wavelength (m) of the thermal switch with respect to the i-th statistical parameter defined as d_notch / d_stat_parameters{i}. Note: Only provide this field if the statistical parameter affects the notch wavelength (see thermal_switch_stat_te_c). |
|
stat_parameters{i}.slope_IL |
The sensitivity of the insertion loss (dB) of the thermal switch with respect to the i-th statistical parameter defined as d_IL / d_stat_parameters{i}. Note: Only provide this field if the statistical parameter affects the insertion loss (see thermal_switch_stat_te_c). |
|
stat_parameters{i}.slope_FSR |
The sensitivity of the free spectral range (m) of the thermal switch with respect to the i-th statistical parameter defined as d_FSR / d_stat_parameters{i}. Note: Only provide this field if the statistical parameter affects the free spectral range (see thermal_switch_stat_te_c). |
|
stat_parameters{i}.slope_ER |
The sensitivity of the extinction ratio (dB) of the thermal switch with respect to the i-th statistical parameter defined as d_ER / d_stat_parameters{i}. Note: Only provide this field if the statistical parameter affects the extinction ratio (see thermal_switch_stat_te_c). |
|
stat_parameters{i}.LOCAL |
Struct
|
A struct describing the LOCAL level variation of the i-th statistical parameter with the following fields: distribution = Defines the type of the PDF used to describe the LOCAL level variation. Currently the options are 'normal' (Gaussian) or 'pearson4' (Non-Gaussian). sigma = The standard deviation of the LOCAL level variation. gamma1: The skewness of the LOCAL level variation (for pearson4 distribution only) beta2: The kurtosis of the LOCAL level variation (for pearson4 distribution only) CORRGROUP: The spatial correlation group that this statistical parameter belongs to. The correlation group must be defined in the XML file. Note: It is optional to provide a CORRGROUP for statistical parameters. |
stat_parameters{i}.GLOBAL |
A struct containing the GLOBAL level variation of the i-th statistical parameter with the following fields: distribution = Defines the type of the PDF used to describe the GLOBAL level variation. Currently the options are 'normal' (Gaussian) or 'pearson4' (Non-Gaussian). sigma = The standard deviation of the GLOBAL level variation. gamma1: The skewness of the GLOBAL level variation (for pearson4 distribution only) beta2: The kurtosis of the GLOBAL level variation (for pearson4 distribution only) GLOBALGROUP: Name of the GLOBALGROUP defined in the top level XML file. (if a GLOBALGROUP is provided then the description in the XML file takes priority over the data file) Note: Poviding a GLOBAL level variation for statistical parameters is optional. |